Gas manufacturing apparatus



@ci 9 1933 s. J. NORDMEYER 3 328 GAS MANUFACTURING APPARATUS Filed Oct.9, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

fiera/z/J/Yordmgem Get; 31, 1933.

G. J. NORDMEYER 1,932,828

GAS MANUFACTUR I NG APPARATUS Filed Oct. 9, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Oct. 31, 1933 NETED STATES r or ies GAS MANUFACTURING APPARATUSGerald J. Nordmeyer, Oak Park, Ill., assignor to The Koppers Company ofDelaware, a corporation of Delaware This invention relates to gasmanufacturing apparatus and particularly to carburetters for carburettedwater-gas sets. More particularly it relates to the construction bymeans of which he gas offtake pipe from the generator is connected tothe carburetter to form the inlet for the same.

In carburetters as prew'ously constructed, the connection from thegenerator to the carburetter is generally arranged at right angles tothe shell of the carburetter and the flow of blue water gas from thegenerator enters the carburetter through the inlet piping in such adirection that most ofthe oil admitted by the centrally located oilspray is carried to the opposite side of the carburettor and impinges onthe checkerbrick and the part or" the wall furthest removed from the gasinlet.

As a result, a large portion of the vaporizing and cracking of oiloccurs on one side of the carburettor. More carbon is deposited on thewall and checkerbricl; in this portion of the car buretter than isdeposited on those sections nearer to the gas inlet. This conditionnecessitates recheckering of the entire carburetter before the life or"all of the checkerbrick has been fully utilized.

The present invention comprises the feature of connecting the gas inletto the carburettor in such a manner that it is tangential to the innerperiphery of the carburettor.

An object of the invention is to improve the efiiciency of the crackingof the gas oil by securing a more even distribution of the oil to thecarburettor than has heretofore been possible in previous types.

Another object is to prolong the useful life of the carburettercheckering by preventing the undesired deposition of carbon on thecheckerbrick from being localized at one side of the carburetter.

Another object is to secure a more even heat distribution in thecheckerbrick of the carburetter during the blasting period by impartinga swirling motion to the heating gases thereby effecting a more completemixing of gas and air for combustion and assuring more intimate contactbetween the gases and the checkerbrick.

My invention also includes the feature of arranging the connection irointhe carburetter to the superheater tangent to the walls of thesuperheater. When applied to a gas making set equipped for the backrunprocess this connection may also be arranged tangent in the reversedirection to the carburetter whereby the back'run 3 immediately underthe inlet 4.

steam enters the carburetter from the superheater in a tangentialdirection.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a carburetted watergas set provided with theimproved inlet, for the carburetter;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the carburetted watergas set shown in Fig. 1,partially in cross-section on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a reduced plan view of a carburetted water-gas set having amodified form of carburetter inlet;

Fig. i is a plan view of a backrun set provided with improved inlets forthe carburettor and superheater; and 1 Fig. 5 is an elevation of the setshown in Fig. 4.

The carburetted water-gas set shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a watergas generator 1 that is connected to a carburetter 2 by means of a topgas ofitake pipe 3 and an inlet 4 which is tangential to the innerperiphery of the carburettor. The carburetter is provided with an oilspray 5. Air is supplied to the lower part of the generator through amain blast pipe 6, a primary blast valve 7 and a downrun pipe 8'.

Secondary air is admitted to the carburetter through a secondary blastpipe 10 and a secondary blast valve 11. The pipe 10 joins a pipe 12immediately below the inlet 4. The pipe 3 ends in a dust collector 14.Steam for the uprun is supplied by an inlet 15. Downrun steam enters thegenerator through connection 16.

During the downrun portion of the cycle, gas canpass from the bottom ofthe generator to the carburettor through downrun pipe 8 and the.connecting pipe 12 if a hot valve 18 is in the right position. The hotvalve 18 is a reversing valve which intersects both pipes 3 and 12 andalways closes the one or the other of the two pipes. The pipe 12 joinsthe top gas offtake pipe The improved type of carburetter shown in Fig.3 is a modification of that shown inFigs. 1 and 2 and difiers therefromin having two inlet branches 22 and 23 leading from the top gas oiitakepipe 3 tangentially to different points on the inner periphery of thecarburetter 2. This design is used when a greater swirling action thanthat produced by the single tangential inlet is desired. The carburettedwater-gas set shown in Fig. 3 includes a superheater 24.

In Figs. 4 and 5, my improved type of inlet is applied to thecarburettor and also to the superheater of a carburetted water-gas setequipped for the back-run process. In this type of set, 110

the down-run steam is introduced through an inlet 26 at the top of thesuperheater 24 and passed downward through the superheater, upwardthrough the carburetter 2 and downward through the generator 1 whence itpasses through a back-run pipe 2? to a tar batter or wash box 28. Thereis no hot valve for ofitake pipe 3, such as valve 18 of Fig. 1, and thepipe 3 remains open throughout the cycle. The pipe 3 is tangent to theinner periphery of the carburetter.

The connection 30 for conducting gas from the carburetter 2 to thesuperheater 24 is tangent to the inner periphery of the superheater. Thetangential arrangement of the connecting pipe 30 prevents the depositingof dust in a single portion of the superheater 24 and otherwise resultsin greater uniformity or" heat transfer throughout the checkerbrick workof the superheater.

The pipe 30 does not enter the carburetter 2 at right angles but istangent thereto and this arrangement results in a better absorption ofheat from the carburetter bricks during the backrun.

As will be apparent from the drawings and more particularly Figs. 4 and5 thereof, the connections 3 and 30 are not only arranged tangentiallywith respect to the carburetter 2 but oppositely, that is to say, thatthe direction of rotation induced by the discharge of forwardrun gasesfrom the connection 3 into the carburetter 2 is the same as thedirection of rotation induced by the discharge of backrun gases from theconnection 30 into the carburettor 2. Conversely, either one of theconnections 3 or 30 is adapted to discharge gases from the carburetter 2in a direction opposite or counter to the direction of the rotationinduced by gases entering the carburetter 2 through the other.

The superheater 24 is provided with a stack valve 32, a pipe 33 'to thetar batter 28, the latter being connected to a gas main 34. The downrunsteam pipe 26 is connected to the stack 35 leading from the superheaterto the stack valve for securing good distribution of steam at the topor" the superheater.

In the operation of theback-run'set, the time available for injectingthe oil is very short, being limited to the first uprun period. If oilwere supplied during the back-run period, excessive cracking of the oilgas formed would result, due to its passage through the fuel bed ingenerator 1. The carburetter inlet of my invention is especiallyadvantageous on a back-run set, since, because of the swirling motion ofthe gases, more intimate contact between the oil and the crackingsurfaces is obtained, notwithstanding the higher rate of the oil input.

Either a single tangential inlet to the carburetter or a plurality oftangential inlets may be used with the back-run set. The improved typeof carburettor requires no more head room and is little if any moreexpensive to install than the present type of carburettor. Existingcarburetters can be readily modified to incorporate the new improvementthrough minor changes and at small cost.

In operation the tangential inlet of the im proved type of carburetterintroduces both the blast gas and the water gas in such manner as toproduce a turbulent flow. There is much more agitation of the gases anda more even distribution of heat during the passage of blast gas thanoccurs in the present type of carburetter.

The tangential direction of the inlet produces a swirling motion aboutthe periphery of the carburetter and the centrally located oil spraydirects the flow of oil into the center of the vortex of the whirlinggases so that the oil spray is quite uniformly distributed through thefire bricks of the carburetter and utilizes the heat of all or them,thereby improving the efficiency of the vaporization and cracking of theoil.

The formation of carbon deposits on the brickwork of the carburettor isprevented altogether in most instances and is always kept fromdepositing in large amounts and kept from depositing on a limitedportion of the checkerbrick work.

I claim as my invention:

1; In an apparatus for manuiact ring carburetted water gas, thecombination of generator and carburettor elements, a gas inlet pipeconnecting said elements for admitting gas from the generator into theupper portion of the carburetter, said inlet pipe being disposedtangentially to the inner periphery of the carburetter, and a outletpipe connection communicating with the lower portion oisaid carburettorand disposed substantially tangential to the inner periphery thereof,whereby gases from said'generator are passed downwardly with a swirlingmotion through said carburetter from top to bottom thereof and thenceoutwardly therefrom, to obtain uniformity of enrichment of the gases inthe carburettor and to insure a more even and balanced contact of saidgases with the internal checkerbrick of the carburetter.

2. In an apparatus for manufacturing carburetted water gas, thecombination of generator, carburetter and superheater elements, a gasinlet pipe for conducting gas from the generator into the upper portionor" the carburetter, said inlet pipe being disposed tangentially totheinner periphery of the carburetter, a gas conduit connecting the lowerportion of the carburetter with the lower portion of the superheater anddisposed tangentially with respect to the inner peripheries of saidelements, whereby from said generator' are passed downwardly with aswirling motion through said carburetter from top to bottom thereof andthence tangentially into said superheater with a swirling motion andupwardly therethrough, whereby to obtain uniformity of enrichment of thegases in the carburetter and to insure a more even and balanced contactof said gases with the internal checkerbrick of the carburettor andsuperhea' er and to guard against localization of carbon deposits in thecheckerbrick of said elements.

GERALD J. NORDMEYER.

